Middle Ground Coastal Battery

The Middle Ground Coastal Battery is a historic heritage site located on a small basalt islet in Mumbai Harbour, India, situated just a few hundred meters from the iconic Gateway of India within Thane Creek. Originally part of a natural reef, this strategic location was fortified in 1682 by the British East India Company to combat rampant sea piracy in the region. Following the decline of local piracy, the site was manned by a specialized marine police force known as the Bhandaris, who were renowned for their honesty and distinctive uniforms of yellow turbans and blue trousers. Control of the islet eventually transferred from the Royal Navy to the Royal Indian Navy and finally to the modern Indian Navy, which continues to manage the facility today.

During World War II, the battery's defenses were significantly upgraded by the Royal Indian Navy with coastal artillery and anti-aircraft guns to protect Mumbai Harbour from potential Japanese invasion. Although the mobile weaponry was later removed, the deep cylindrical mountings of these historic guns remain visible on the rock. The site also served as a temporary home for a maritime museum and currently stores various colonial-era artifacts, including ceramic bathtubs and old naval ensigns, though the public museum portion was closed in 2000 when exhibits were moved to the INS Vikrant.

Currently, the islet is occupied by a small contingent of eight Indian Navy sailors who maintain radio contact with the mainland. It serves a vital ceremonial role as the official saluting base for the Flag Officer Commander-in-Chief of the Western Naval Command. Old cannons are fired alongside bugle calls to honor new commanders or welcome returning naval ships after extended deployments. Despite receiving lucrative offers to sell the property, the Navy retains ownership to ensure the security of warships berthed at nearby naval jetties, making the difficult-to-access site an active and protected military installation.