# Eski Kermen

- **Country:** Ukraine
- **Location Text:** The ruins of , near Sevastopol

Eski Kermen is a historic cave town and fortress located on a plateau in the Crimean Mountains of southern Ukraine. Founded by the Byzantine Empire in the 6th century, the site was originally constructed as a strategic military outpost to defend against incursions by the Göktürks. The fortress occupies a narrow plateau measuring approximately one kilometer by 200 meters. Its early inhabitants are believed to have been Alans or Goths, and archaeological excavations have uncovered the remains of a basilica, indicating a structured community with religious significance during its peak.

The historical trajectory of Eski Kermen saw significant shifts following its conquest by the Khazars in the 7th or 8th century. While this event marked the end of its primary military importance, the settlement continued to thrive as a residential cave dwelling for several centuries. It remained populated through the era of Pecheneg rule until at least the 11th century. The site appears to have been completely deserted by the 14th century under Tatar domination, leading to the gradual decay of its above-ground structures over the subsequent centuries.

Today, Eski Kermen exists primarily as an archaeological ruin and tourist attraction within the Bakhchysarai Raion. Most surface buildings have vanished, leaving behind roughly 400 carved cave rooms that serve as a testament to its past as a bustling troglodyte community. Recognized as a cultural heritage monument of federal significance in Crimea, the site offers visitors a glimpse into the region's complex history of Byzantine defense, Khazar expansion, and medieval cave habitation. It stands as one of the notable cave towns in Crimea, preserving the legacy of diverse peoples who once inhabited its stone corridors.

![Photo of Eski Kermen](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Eski-Keremen.jpg)

**Source:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eski_Kermen (Wikipedia, CC BY-SA)