Castle of Valongo

The Castle of Valongo is a well-preserved medieval fortress situated in the civil parish of Nossa Senhora de Machede, within the municipality of Évora in the Alentejo region of Portugal. While some historical theories suggest Roman origins due to the site's proximity to an ancient road and mansion, concrete evidence for this is scarce. The first definitive written reference to the castle dates back to 1283, appearing in letters of sale involving Infanta D. Leonor Afonso, the daughter of King Afonso III. Before the current structure known as Castelo Velho was established on the opposite bank of the Ribeira da Valongo, indications suggest a primitive tower once occupied the location.

Architecturally, the castle sits on a gentle slope overlooking the Ribeira de Valongo, surrounded by cork and holly oak forests as well as fields of wheat and sunflowers. The structure utilizes a diverse mix of materials including granite, masonry, taipa, marble, and tile. Significant modifications occurred between the 15th and 16th centuries when the keep tower was repaired to include pointed tiled roofs, brick staircases, and bay windows. Although the exact original construction date remains unspecified in available records, the building reflects a blend of medieval military design and later residential adaptations typical of the region.

Currently owned by the Portuguese Republic, the castle remains open to the public and stands in good condition following extensive conservation efforts. Major repairs were undertaken in 1989 to clean cracks and consolidate fractures in the fortifications. Further preservation work continued into the 21st century, with a detailed risk assessment report elaborated by the Directorate General for Buildings and National Monuments in November 2004. Today, it serves as a historical landmark that offers visitors views of the surrounding rural landscape, including local olive groves, while standing as a testament to the area's long history from the Middle Ages to the present day.